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The capital
of the department of El Quiche, Santa Cruz del Quiche is a quiet
town of the frequented tourist routes. El Quiche is a transfer point
for people heading east or north through the highlands.
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Santa
Cruz del Quiché is found just 15 minutes to the north of Chichicastenango.
The bustling town is a center of transportation and commerce, and
capital of the Quiché department. Worth seeing here are the
ruins of Gumarcaaj (renamed Utatlán by conquering Spaniards),
once the stronghold of the Maya-Quiché nation. At the time
of the conquest, the Quichés were the strongest Maya group
in the Guatemala, and the first force encountered by invading Spaniards.
Less than two weeks after a decisive battle at Quetzaltenango, the
Spaniards arrived at Gumarcaaj. Although the Quichés invited
the invading force into the city, the Spaniards feared an ambush.
Captain Pedro de Alvarado captured the Quiché rulers and burned
them at the stake on March 7, 1524. The ruins, which have not been
restored, consist of small temple mounds, and the remains of a plaza,
ballcourt and other structures. Down the hill to one side of the ruins
is a man-made cave, a site of rituals for contemporary Maya. |
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| Utatlan
ruins
Utatlàn, also
known as K'umarcaaj, is an unrestored archeological site located
two miles outside of Quiche. K'umarcaaj, the ancient Quichè
Maya capital, was the most powerful city in the highlands until
it was destroyed in 1524 by the Spanish. After razing the ancient
city, Pedro de Alvarado renamed it Utatlàn.
The city was never rebuilt
after its destruction, but about 10 structures are identifiable
today including the ball court, the Great Plaza, and some of the
pyramidal temple bases.
Utatlàn is considered
a sacred spot and Mayan priests still perform religious ceremonies
there. Under the main plaza is a sacred cave where ceremonies are
performed with candles and incense.
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